Do Extroverts Make the Best Missionaries?


I once sat in a conference room full of Christians when the speaker asked the group if we thought Jesus was an introvert or an extrovert. The question was offered offhandedly – it wasn’t meant to invite much discussion, let alone heated theological debate – yet it garnered an instantaneous and nearly unanimous conclusion: Jesus was an introvert. The reasoning was based on a handful of Scripture passages that mention Jesus going off by himself to be in solitude and to pray.

I’d never considered the question before. I’d certainly spent plenty of time and agony trying to identify my own tendencies. I’m one of those people who’s difficult to define in the introvert/extrovert debate. Years ago the DiSC personality test revealed that I’m a “flexor,” and a recent SDI assessment confirmed that earlier result, showing me to be a HUB.

But I’d never spent much time wondering what kind of personality Jesus had. His character? Sure, I’d thought about that in spades. But whether he made his bed in the morning or left his blanket a rumpled mess? Whether he liked to join an impromptu song around the campfire or sit and listen in silence? Whether he felt at ease or sick to his stomach while dealing with interpersonal conflict? These questions hadn’t ever occurred to me.

After further reflection, I think it could be argued that Jesus was a disciplined extrovert – someone who thrived on being with people but who knew the importance of being with the Father and prioritized time alone with him.

In truth, I could believe either assumption. Introvert, extrovert, or somewhere in between.

What I really wonder is how being an introvert or extrovert (or somewhere in between) impacts our daily lives as missionaries?

Consider Paul. He had all the trademarks of a rather social messenger of the Gospel, not only because of the countless people he interacted with on his extensive travel itinerary as a missionary, but also because of the exhaustive lists of people he mentioned and thanked in closing some of his letters. Paul worked with a lot of people and, furthermore, maintained relationships with a lot of people. These are seemingly extroverted qualities.

I’m reminded of an extroverted missionary colleague of mine. She never tired of welcoming people at her door who unexpectedly stopped by for a visit, she never balked at going to another meeting, and she never said no to whatever hangout or last-minute activity was happening. If she didn’t socialize, it was typically because she was already committed to another social engagement. She was well known and well-loved in our community. In a highly social culture, she had an easy time adjusting to the social milieu of this place, and she was able to make connections faster and deeper than some of her introverted counterparts.

And I found myself wondering, “Is she more effective than me, by virtue of being more present?”

But I also had to wonder how she would have fared in a different culture, one where people are wary of strangers and everyone tends to keep to themselves?

God might call an extrovert to a social culture, which is a gift and a blessing because they can bounce from one social engagement to the next and not lose steam. God might call an introvert to a reclusive culture, which is a gift and blessing because they can be at peace with people avoiding them on the street.

But God might call an extrovert to a lonely place, which is a challenge and a struggle because they can’t find an outlet for their social needs. Or God might call an introvert to a communal place, which is a challenge and a struggle because they can’t get enough time for themselves to recharge before reentering the fray.

God gifts each of us in certain ways and invites us to minister out of our strengths, but he also equips each of us despite our limitations and invites us to minister out of our weaknesses.

Obviously, there are strengths and weaknesses to being an introvert or extrovert (or something in between), and the strengths of each serve the Gospel in different ways. And, yes, I think some cultures are a more seamless fit for either introverted or extroverted tendencies, but that doesn’t mean one is better than another.

Sometimes, like Paul, we have to stretch ourselves to be all things to all people. Extroverts need to introvert. Introverts need to extrovert. We become all things to all people, including practicing the parts of our personality that we usually define as the weaker parts.

Similarly, we must also be wary of overdoing our strengths. I know of a missionary who extroverted so much that he neglected his responsibilities, including failing to report to his mission organization and connecting with supporters. And I know of missionaries who introverted so much that they did nothing outside of their required ministry obligations and therefore had limited relational depth or impact.

Do extroverts make the best missionaries? Not necessarily. Extroversion might be a particular asset in a particular place and time, but it cannot be assumed that extroversion outweighs introversion in a cross-cultural mission context.

A similar question might be asked: do singles make the best missionaries? After all, they don’t have the added responsibilities of meeting the needs of a spouse or children. Paul said as much in 1 Corinthians 7. He also exemplified a life with complete freedom to come and go and socialize and pour into relationships all day and all night if he wanted to. He was not nearly as limited as a married person.

Sometimes I’ve wondered how much less effective I am by the simple virtue of being married with kids. Don’t get me wrong, I am fiercely defensive of the notion that my ministry of discipling my children at home is of utmost importance and is building the Kingdom just as much as anything else. But mostly I’m impressed at how much single missionaries are able to accomplish compared to me.

Jesus himself was single, as was Paul. And as far as we know, all the disciples were unmarried except for Peter. Although being married doesn’t disqualify anyone from having an impactful and fruitful ministry – think of the notable example of Peter, as well as Aquila and Priscilla – being married has its drawbacks, namely a necessary division of labor between familial obligations and ministry outside the home.

Do singles make the best missionaries?

Do single extroverts make the best missionaries?

My colleague was not only extroverted, but single. She was a powerhouse of time and energy. What she was able to accomplish in a day was far and above my own capacity. But although she excelled in being with people and having time for any number of projects, she had limitations in other areas.

Strengths and weaknesses, weaknesses and strengths.

I found myself supremely thankful for my single, extroverted colleague, who sat on a committee I had no bandwidth for. Likewise, she expressed her awe and gratitude that I led our community Bible Study, which requires hours by myself to study and prepare for in addition to the social time at the actual Bible Study. Regularly, this colleague with extra social capital to spend would hang out with my kids and play games which freed me to do any number of other things that needed doing.

In short, we both had valuable strengths to offer, and we held each other up in our weaknesses.

So, who makes the best missionary? Or to phrase it another way: who makes an effective missionary?

Extroverts, introverts, marrieds, and singles.

Regardless of our God-given personality or marital status, the Kingdom is best served when we employ our strengths and allow others to do the same.

So let’s offer our strengths and support each other in our weaknesses, and in so doing, build up the Kingdom in whatever corner of the world the Lord has invited us to serve.


Photo by Pexels on Pixabay

Missionary Job Description: Feel Awkward

An Introvert Moves to India

Shortly before we launched as missionaries to India, I was gifted a book. The title was something like Home at Last.

This book disturbed me.

In it, the (obviously extroverted) author writes we will be with people all the time in Heaven/The Earth Made New, and won’t that be wonderful?! After this statement, the author moves on to other beautiful theological musings and descriptions of Home. I skipped these and read again the people-all-the-time thing.

Oh no, I quietly panicked. I don’t want to be with people all the time. What if I’m not cut out for Heaven?! 

Then we moved to India, where your arms seem to touch the arms of others nearly all the time, at least on the bus and sometimes even at your house. My neighbors, worried I would feel lonely or homesick, made sure never to leave me alone. 

The good part of this is that I was also never hungry. And Indian food is some of the best I’ve ever tasted.

The difficult part is that sometimes I wanted everyone to take their curries and chapattis and palak panir and go visit someone else.

I actually like being around people. And I want lots of people to be in Heaven. But I need time to think about the meaning of life, you know? Otherwise, I feel like I stop understanding the world and my place in it. I lose track, becoming internally displaced. Sometimes I need a minute to think about Everything. 

I’ve heard that’s called being an introvert.

Several times that first year, I locked my main door from the outside and sneaked back into my house from a side door, so people would think I was not at home.

Ahhh. Alone at Last.

Then my extroverted husband would bounce home like Tigger and wonder why I was locking out all the unreached people we had come to minister to. And I would wonder why I wasn’t more like him. And I would think to myself, “I can do this. I can be more like Joshua. I just need time to think about how to do that…”

Thinking, by myself, was my safe place. Language learning, making cultural mistakes, and being observed made me want to run and hide.

But when I went home and had my quiet moments, I found something in myself I hadn’t expected. The reason I was hiding was not always to analyze. Sometimes I hid for the sake of hiding.

Sometimes I hid because I was afraid.

That’s Awkward.

A friend of mine once said that the main job description of a missionary is to feel awkward. 

You feel awkward in your host country. Then you go home and feel awkward, too.

I like knowing all the rules, especially social ones, and I like to go to sleep at night knowing that I didn’t offend anyone, and that I said what I meant to say, and was understood and didn’t talk too much or too little, and that nobody around me was ignored or suffered hurt feelings because of things I said or other people said. If I can’t sleep, I make a list of people I might have offended and pray over it and give it to God and sometimes follow up the next day.

Enter India. Instead of my neatly organized, slightly neurotic list-making, that first year I went to bed at night thinking about how to leave someone’s house.

I often visited a friend, and after a couple of hours would try to leave. She would ask me to stay longer. I would sit. A while later, I would try to leave again. She would ask me to stay longer. I would sit. After playing this up-down game for some time, I could tell my friend actually wanted me to leave. I wanted to leave, too. But she kept telling me to sit and stay, and I kept sitting and staying. 

So, instead of analyzing the minute nuances of human interaction, I wondered how in the world people go home in India.

One awkward moment was tolerable. The problem was, I knew the awkwardness was going to be repeated multiple times daily. I was going to feel awkward. Often. And make other people feel awkward. And not be able to say anything to make it better, because all I could say was, “Nice to meet you, I have a brother who is older than me and a sister who is younger than me, do you want to drink chai?”

Honestly, it’s only because of my extroverted and goal-oriented husband that I kept going out the door. He would laugh with me over my faux pas, and they would become funny instead of tragic. Then he would remind me that making mistakes doesn’t kill you and that I have something to give the world. Something beyond just avoiding mistakes.

He would remind me that it’s worth the risk because maybe someone I felt awkward around might love Jesus someday. My shame might bring God glory.

Joshua and I argued a lot that first year, as he learned to be more introverted and I learned to be more extroverted. But I still thank him for his constant encouragement to exit our house. Because some of my favorite memories of my life are of my first year in India. They’re much more interesting than the memories I made just sitting and thinking. Funnier, too.

A Special Gift

But my introversion wasn’t all a stumbling block. It turned out to be a gift, too. I realized it was a gift after the 37th time that my friend Sai told me not to say danyavad. 

I had lost sleep over this. Why in the world couldn’t I say thank you? What was wrong with being polite? What was I supposed to say instead?

It took multiple discussions (with people) and late-night analysis sessions (by myself) to finally understand why North Indians don’t say thank you to family members and close friends. The answer revealed something hidden deep within the culture, something that would help me understand why it’s so difficult for a Hindu to pick up their cross and follow Jesus. (I tell that entire story in my book, Hidden Song of the Himalayas.)

Using Your Gift

Introverts, don’t let your gift hold you back. I know some days it seems more prudent to wait until you speak the language or understand the culture before you really invest in others. But the only way to get to that place is through the forest of awkward not knowing. It’s like when you’re learning to drive, and you really want to slow down because everything is happening so fast, but sometimes it’s safer just to keep going. 

Introverts, appreciate how God made you. Use your gift to do the uncomfortable work of cultural analysis that will make you a true insider. Let it be difficult. Let it hurt. Let it be awkward. It’s worth the cost.

At the same time, it’s okay to take a break. Just know that when you come away with Jesus on a mountain because you’re overwhelmed by the crowds, if they follow you there, He will provide. He will provide with what little you have, even if it’s just a few loaves of bread and a handful of tiny fish. Because He has compassion for you, and for the crowds, too.

While the awkward moments never completely subsided, I learned to decipher certain subtle linguistic and social cues in India. I learned to understand my friends, their language, and their unique perspectives. After seven years in India, I could finally picture myself in the Earth Made New, surrounded by people, arms touching as we stood together under the tree whose leaves are “for the healing of the nations.”

Ahhh. Home at Last!

Getting my friends home is God’s story to write. My part is to pick up my cross and walk out my door.

Will you join me?

The Introverted Expat

Introverts seem to be getting more attention these days, which might make most of us uncomfortable. 35 Quotes for Introverts. 27 Problems Only Introverts Understand. Susan Cain’s book Quiet. Donald Miller wrote about How to Get Along With an Introvert. How about the expatriate introvert?

Hi. I’m Rachel and I’m an introvert.

introvert1I don’t like change. I don’t thrive in new situations. I don’t get excited about meeting new people. I am oversensitive to noise and smell and touch. Places like airports and airplanes and developing world markets make me feel lightheaded and induce extra trips to bathrooms, if there are any. I am not good at surface conversation and at parties I prefer to find one or two people, settle onto a furesh (a long, low Somali cushion), and talk about the things that make us cry, or make us laugh, or make us furious, in other words the deep waters of our souls.

I just spent almost a month alone in Djibouti for the first time in my life. Is a wife and mother allowed to say this: For the most part, I enjoyed it.

I love people but sometimes I don’t like them. I love being with people and sometimes I want them to leave.me.alone.

I notice things my extroverted husband doesn’t. I pick up on subtle cultural cues and learn hand gestures as quickly as spoken vocabulary. I am comfortable being an outsider at a party because it is okay with me to sit back and observe. I am the first to know where burning tires block the road because my extra-sensitive sensors smell them first.

The expatriate world is peopled by extroverts, or at least people masquerading as extroverts. There are lists of ‘successful’ expats and often one of the primary underlying characteristics is extroversion.

People person. Talkative. Adventurer. Bold. Risk-taker.

Added to this is the pressure on Christians to ‘love Jesus out loud’ and many CEIs (Christian Expat Introverts) start to suffocate or shrivel. This quote from Susan Cain, author of Quiet (link below) captures it:

“Evangelicalism has taken the Extrovert Ideal to its logical extreme…If you don’t love Jesus out loud, then it must not be real love. It’s not enough to forge your own spiritual connection to the divine; it must be displayed publicly.”

There are good reasons extroverts do well overseas. How do you learn a language? Typically by talking. How do you dig below the surface of a new culture? Typically by asking a lot of questions and getting involved. Expats have to communicate and build community and go to the market.

But expats also have to listen well to learn that language. To go deep, they have to be alert to nuances that locals might not even be consciously aware of. In that crowded market, expats don’t have to befriend every stall keeper. They can zoom in on one or two.

introvert2

While extroverts seem to be the type of expats who thrive, I beg to differ. Introverts bring unique skills to the overseas experience, family, workplace. We need each other.

If you’re an introvert:

  • Know it. There are strengths and weaknesses. Recognize your limits and when you need to back off. Knowing yourself well and planning accordingly releases pressure, decreases the chance of burnout, and will help you not yell at your children/spouse/dog/taxi driver.
  • Own it. Don’t be ashamed. So you are more sensitive to smells and are the first one to notice the sewage or the roses. Let your nose guide you to a new restaurant or to finding the bag of rotten hermit crabs stinking up the house (true story). Being an introvert is not the same as being timid and it is not weakness. It is courage and vulnerability, just like being an extrovert. Live it well.
  • Use it. Language learning will be exhausting because it requires copious amounts of time with people and you might be more hesitant to open your mouth and practice. Do it anyway, do it afraid, as Tara Livesay wrote. But remember that introverts thrive on deep, intimate conversations. This is fabulous for language learning and will enable you to develop vocabulary and to probe deeper into cultural aspects of language. Introverts are top-notch observers and are often excellent resources for cultural cues and subtleties.

If you are an introvert, married to an introvert, or find yourself working with an introvert, (so pretty much if you are alive and relate with humans) read Quiet by Susan Cain or watch her TED talk.

Are you an expat introvert or extrovert? How do you thrive?

 -Rachel Pieh Jones, introverted development worker, Djibouti

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